The rock cycle is the process in which rocks on and inside the Earth's surface are continuously transformed and regenerated under natural forces. It is like the Earth's 'metabolism,' allowing three types of rocks to convert into each other without stopping.
The portion of the upper mantle above the Earth's crust and the asthenosphere of the mantle is composed of minerals and rocks, collectively referred to as the 'lithosphere.' The lithosphere has an uneven thickness, with an average thickness of about 100 kilometers. The lithosphere is closely related to modern geophysics and geodynamics.
Exogenic geological processes refer to geological activities driven by solar radiation energy and the gravitational energy of the sun and moon, and induced through factors such as the atmosphere, wind, water, and organisms. These include weathering, erosion, transportation, deposition, and lithification.
Endogenous geological processes refer to geological processes caused by energy generated from the Earth's rotation, gravity, and the decay of radioactive elements, including tectonic movements, seismic activities, magmatic activities, and metamorphic processes.
Reduce pollutant emissions; control major pollutant emissions; utilize the purification function of plants; make reasonable use of the environment's self-purification ability.
Protected geological relics are valuable national treasures, and no organization or individual shall damage, excavate, trade, or transfer them in any other form.
